| Notes |
- AncestryView for Windows: Plymouth Colony, its History and People:
Bumpas, Edward
Plymouth Colony, p.257
?Edward Bumpus arrived in Plymouth as a young man in 1621 on the Fortune, and he shared in the 1623 land division and the 1627 cattle division. In 1629/30 he married a Hannah, whose last name is unknown. There is no record that he was ever made a freeman, and in 1656 he was described as "one of the town's poor" (Mrs. John E. Barclay, "The Bumpus Family of New England," TAG 43:65). He died before 5 March 1683/84, and his wife survived him. They had at least twelve children between 1631 and 1654. His early descendants are given in Mrs. Barclay's article, above. A family history compiled by Carle Franklin, Bumpus, Bompasse, Bumpas, Bump, Bumpus and Allied Families 1621-1981, rev. (Baltimore, 1985), was reviewed in TAG 60:189.
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FamilySearch:
Edward BOMPASSE OR (BUMP) (AFN: 2XVT-FC)
Sex: M
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Event(s):
Birth: 1600
St. Bartholomew, Parish, London, England
Christening: ST BARTHOLOMEW PARISH
London, England
Death: 3 Feb 1693
Marshfield, Plymouth, Ma
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Parents:
Father: John BOMPASSE (AFN: L4S3-6S)
Mother: Mrs. BOMPASSE (AFN: N78F-85)
Father: Thomas BUMPASSE (AFN: J5J0-MS)
Mother: Ann BRODFORDE (AFN: P6ST-XV)
Father: John BUMPASSE (AFN: ZV2B-FL)
Mother: Mrs. BUMPASSE (AFN: ZV0W-LL)
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Marriage(s):
Spouse: Hannah ANNABLE (AFN: 2XVT-GJ)
Marriage: 1628
Duxbury, Plymouth, Ma
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___________
20251116GHLn- LDS
Edward Bumpas
Male
about 1605 – after 4 July 1679
• LZLV-4XQ
Notes
Add Note
Re mother’s age at birth of last 4 children
Hannah’s birth year of 1602 makes her about 46-52 at the birth of the last four children.
Last Changed: February 16, 2023
E
EvaLee
!Edward Bompasse born @ 1600 1608 came o
!Edward Bompasse born @ 1600 1608 came on the ship"Fortune" on 10 Nov 1621 to Cape Cod Mass then on to Plymouth Colony Mass He was a french Huguenot the name translates into "Goodstep" and was a Aristocratic name in Europe when he arrived at Plymouth Colony he was a Saint not a stranger was assigned housing with Isaac Allerton family.of the Mayflower.He was a friend of William Hilton Thomas Morton William Beal all on the Fortune with him.he had 12 children and in later life he & Hannah were dependent upon the town for food & shelter He was also a friend of John Alden, Miles Standish & Jonathan Brewster. He was on same ship "Fortune" as was William Hilton & Family he was however not educated,signed his name with X his children were the 1st born american children of that Government he was the 1st purchaser of land at Dartmouth Mass
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Last Changed: September 1, 2024
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Thomas Lynch_1
Disputed
Claims[citation needed] have been made that he was the son of John Bompass and Anne Brodforde without source. Anderson does not recognize any parents.[1]
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regs
1627 Cattle Division found in "Mayflower Increasings" Susan E Roser 1989
"At a publique court held 22th of May it was concluded by whole Companie that the cattell wch were the companies,to wit, the Cowes & the Goates should be equqll devided to all psonts of the same company & soe kept untill the expiraton of ten years after the date above written. & that every one should well and sufficiently pvid for there owne pt under penalty of forfeiting the same." 2 The second lot fel to Mr Issac Allerton & his Company joyned to him his wife ffeare Allerton. (Number 13) Edward Bumpasse.
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katherinebishop12
!SHIP: Fortune--sailed from London in th
!SHIP: Fortune--sailed from London in the Pilgrim ship FORTUNE (the boat that came immediately after the MAYFLOWER)--sailed 7/1/1621. See Benson genealogy, page 664.
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UnknownMMMC-ZX1K
He arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts,
He arrived in Plymouth, Massachusetts, November 6, 1621, on the "Fortune."
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UnknownMMMC-686H
!AFN: 2XVT-FC - as Edward BOMPASSE OR (
!AFN: 2XVT-FC - as Edward BOMPASSE OR (BUMP) !BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION: See sketch on Edward Bumpas and family by Robert Charles Anderson in "The Great Migration Begins" (New England Historic Genealogical Society, 1995), Vol. 1, Pages 273/6; article by Mrs. John E. Barclay, "The Bumpus Family of New England," The American Genealogist, Vol. 43, April 1967, Pages 65 - 75. 150/5; various publications by Carle Franklin Bumpus; and 1979 reprint by Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc. of "Genealogical Notes of Barnstable Families," by Amos Otis and revised by C. F. Swift, pages 85/7. Edward Bumpus came as a young man on the ship Fortune which arrived at Plymouth, MA on 10 Nov 1621. He probably was named originally Edouad Bumpasse or Bompasse, likely of French origin and possibly was Huguenot. There are entries for those surnames in early London parish registers. He was unmarried and initially may have been assigned to live in the home of Isaac Allerton. In 1623 he received a share in the land allotment and in 1627 a share in the cattle. He moved to Duxbury and there bought land of William Palmer about the time of his marriage, approximaely 1628. In March 1634/5, he sold his house to John Washburne and was allowed to "take up land in another Place." In 1640 he was of that part of Duxbury that became Marshfield, MA and was living at Duck Hill in that town in 1684. There is no evidence that he ever was a freeman, but was on the jury in 1654 and 1655. In 1639 he took the oath of fidelity as the town of Duxbury. In 1656, "as one of the town's poor," he was given the loan of a cow and in 1663 there was a contribution for his relief when eight townsmen contributed 12 1/2 bushes of corn. He died at Marshfield between 4 Jul 1679 and 5 Mar 1683/4. It is possible that Edward Bumpas came from Leiden, Holland in 1621 with Philip Delano, who held land adjacent to his, and that the two may have had some association before coming to New England. !HANNAH, WIFE OF EDWARD BUMPA S, WAS NOT HANNAH ANNABLE Some genealogical compilations, including the Ancestral File, suggest that Hannah who married Edward Bumpas about 1628 was the daughter of Anthony Annable. Actually Hannah Annable was likely born about 1623 and she was married to Thomas Bourman.
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Reed Stanley Hall1
1 Fact 2 PLAC Arrived on the "Fortune"
1 Fact 2 PLAC Arrived on the "Fortune" 1621 1 Fact 2 PLAC Had a lot in Plymouth Colony assigned in 1623 1 Fact 2 PLAC Listed to bare arms at Marshfield 1643 1 Fact 2 PLAC Probably French Hugonot page 001 GENERATION 1 and 2 g.f g.p name born died lod;: 1.1 Bompasse, Edouad abt.-1603 2-3-1693 1.1.m - -1628 ________ , Hannah abt.-1607 2-1-1693 2.1 Bumpas, Faith(n.f.d.) - -1630 - - 2.2 Bumpas, Sarah(m) 3-9-1631 - - 2.3 Bumpas, Elizabeth(m) 3-29-1633 - - 2.4 Bumpas, John(m) 6-2-1636 3-7-1715/16 2.5 Bumpas, Edward(unm) 4-15-1638 4-3-1693 2.6 Bumpas, Joseph(m) 2-15-1639/40 2-10-1704 2.7 Bumpas, Issac(unm) 3/31/1642 - -1720 2.8 Bumpas, Jacob(m) 3-25-1644 9-5-1720 2.9 Bumpas, Hannah(unm) 4-3-1646 - - 2.10 Bumpas, Philip(m) abt.-1648 1-20-1724/25 2.11 Bumpas, Thomas(m) abt.-1650 - - 2.12 Bumpas, Mary(m) abt.-1652 - - 2.13 Bumpas, Samuel(unm) abt.-1654 3-25-1676 lod; 1.1(?.?) Edouad Bompasse,(Edward Bumpas), as he was called in the Plymouth Colony, was the first of his name, and the only of this name, as far as can be found to arrive in this country. The name has taken on various spellings as follows: Bump, Bumpas, Bumpass, Bumpers, Bumps and Bumpus, as you will find in this text. Edouad came as a young man on the ship "Fortune" the first ship after the "Mayflower I ". The ship 'Fortune' arrived at Plymouth, now Massachusetts, on Nov. 10, 1621. The name Bompasse is probably of French origin, possibly Hugeno t. The old Norman and French name Bonpas, literally translated, Goodstep, is an aristocratic name in Europe. The Bonpas family originated in Perpignam in the extreme south western portion of France near the Mediterranean. The name probably came to England with Normans, and perhaps again with the Hugenots. Bumpus also exists as a name derived from Boneboz in Normandy, a Fief held from the Earls of Mellent. One source of information states that Edouad Bompasse was born about 1605, of St. Bartholomew Parish, London, England., died 3 Feb. 1693, Marshfield, - Plymouth County, Ma., married 1628 in Ma., Hannah, born about 1607, England, died, 12 Feb. 1693, Marshfield, Ma. Edouad Bompasse was probably a member of the Protestants who fled from Holland to Amsterdam. He was reportedly with the Pilgrims in Leyden, Holland and probably went to England with those who returned after the first attempt to sail for America failed. Willison in his Saints and Strangers, states that Edouad Bompasse was a Saint and native Leydener. Leyden was located six to seven miles up the Rhine River and Was considered the spiritual capital of Protestant Europe. In 1623 he received one share in the land allotment as one of those who came in the Fortune and in 1627 a share in the cattle, indicating he was unmarried. He sold his acre of land on the north side of town in 1628 and was granted 20 acres of land on Duxbury Bay where he settled and built a house and palisado. In March of 1634/35 he sold this property and was allowed to "take up land in another place". In March of 1644/45 when the boundries of Marshfield were laid, his property was included. He is included in the 1643 list of men of Marshfield able to bear arms. Sometime before Sept. 1645 he sold his property to Solomon Lenner. Edouad or Edward as he was now called, was one of the original proprietors of Middleboro, where his son Joseph settled. He was also a purchaser of Dartmouth lands. On the 15 July 1653 Edmond Chandler of Duxbury exchang ed his rights in lands in Satuckquett for Edward Bumpas's lands and rights in Cushenett and Coaksett. He was on the jury in 1654 and 1655 and in 1657 took the oath of fidelity as of the Town of Duxbury. page 001 page 002 g.f g.p name born died After 1656 he seems to have lost control of his properties and through lack of cooperation in the family he and his wife Hannah were to some extent dependent upon the community for their well being. Although he and his sons as "first borne in the colony" were eligible for grants they did not take advantage of their positions. In the next generation several branches of the family prospered and left good estates. It was customary in those days during the transfer of property from father to son, that the deed call for the father and or mother to be "maintained for life". Deeds between Edward and his sons did not contain these provisions. Edward and Hannah had at least twelve children, eight being recorded at Marshfield. In my research thirteen have been indicated. There is some question if Faith was really a first child. Some researchers show that she was and was born in 1630. Others say that she may have been a twin to Sarah, and that she died at birth or shortly after. There is much more that has been written about Edward that I have not included here. Much of it is repetitive and or speculative. The above is the high lights of what I have found. http://home.ici.net/~dexlex/dexlex.html Lynn Albert Bumpus' Genealogical Compilation
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scott jefferson
In 1623 Received one share in land allot
In 1623 Received one share in land allotment for passangers of the"Fortune." In 1627 a share of cattle showing still unmarried. In 1628sold acre of land to Robert Hix.
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UnknownMMM4-J1J3
Came to the USA on the ship "Fortune" o
Came to the USA on the ship "Fortune" on Nov. 10, 1621 at Plymouth, Mass. He lived at Duxbury, Mass. before 1634, but later lived at Marshfield, Mass. He was a soldier in the Pequot War in 1657. He also lived near Duck Hill, Kent County Va., and Duxbury.
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UnknownMMMC-DRGD
!History of Marshfield; Massachusetts, P
!History of Marshfield; Massachusetts, Plymouth Colony. !Edward used names Bompasse, Bumpasse and Bumpas. Also recorded as Bumpass and Bumpus, probably spelling inaccuracies in old records. !Vital Records of Marshfield, Mass to the year 1850 American Genealogist whle issue #170, Apr 1967, vol. 43 #2 page 65 Bump Family Genealogy !Edward born in London or Leydon, Holland of Huguenot parents about 1605. Arrived in Plymouth 11 November 1621 aboard ship "Fortune". Moved to Duxbury and later to Marshfield. He died 3 February 1693. He and Hannah had eight children. Batch #: 1760742, Source Call #: Batch #: F600371, Sheet #: 01, Source Call #: 1553454 Batch #: 1761018, Source Call #: ?? Line 1636: (New PAF MRIN=2682) 1 CHIL 2 SLGC 3 DATE PRE-1970 ?? Line 1079: (New PAF MRIN=2947) 1 CHIL 2 SLGC 3 DATE PRE-1970
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Last Changed: August 26, 2013
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WilliamRGammon
!Surname also as Bompasse, or Bump
!Surname also as Bompasse, or Bump
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UnknownMMMC-XC9L
Death Marshfield between 4 July 1679 and
Death Marshfield between 4 July 1679 and 5 Mar 1683/4 The American Genealogist 43:66 citing Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England by Shurtleff and pulsifer 6:20 and Plymouth County, Mass, Probate records (from microfilm) !Ancestral Fil says died 3 Feb 1693,
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Janath Flake Johnson1
A22258-1 B 15 1. American Genealogist wh
A22258-1 B 15 1. American Genealogist whole #I70 Apr 1967 Vol 43 #2 page 65 A522 by Mrs John E Barclay F. A. S. G. Whitman, Mssc. 2. Az Tmpl #11584 book 62 page 527
Last Changed: August 26, 2013
Unknown Contributor
Edouad Bompasse, (Edward Bumpas), as he
Edouad Bompasse, (Edward Bumpas), as he
Edouad Bompasse, (Edward Bumpas), as he was called in the Plymouth Colony, was the first of his name, and the only of his name, as far as can be found to arrive in this country. The name has taken on various spellings as follows: Bump, Bumpas, Bumpass, Bumpers, Bumps, and Bumpus. Edward came as a young man on the ship "Fortune" the first ship after the "Mayflower I". The ship "Fortune" arrived at Plymouth, now Massachusetts, on November 10, 1621. The name Bompasse is of French origin, possibly Hugenot. The old Norman and French name Bonpas, literally translated "Goodstep" is an aristocratic name is Europe. The Bonpas family originated in Perpignam in the extreme southwestern portion of France near the Mediterranean. The name probably came to England with the Normans, and perhaps again with the Hugenots. Edward Bumpas was probably a member of the Protestants who fled from Holland to Amsterdam. He was reportedly with the Pilgrims in Leyden, Holland and probably went to England with those who returned after the first attempt to sail for America failed. Willison states in his book "Saints and Strangers" that Edward was a Saint and native Leydener. Leyden was located six to seven miles up the Rhine River and was considered the spiritual capital of protestant Europe. In 1623 he received one share in the land allotment as one of those who came in the Fortune and in 1627 a share in the cattle. He sold his acre of land on the north side of town in 1628 and was granted 20 acres of land on Duxbury Bay where he settled and built a house and palisado. In March of 1634/35 he sold this property and was allowed to "take up land in another place". In March of 1644/45 when the boundries of Marshfield, MA were laid, his property was included. He is included in the 1643 list of men of Marshfield able to bear arms. Sometime before September 1645 he sold his property to Solomon Lenner. Edward was one of the original proprietors of Middleboro, where his son Joseph settled.
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UnknownMMMC-6996
[G6186.ftw] In 1623 Received one share in land allotment for passangers of the "Fortune." In 1627 a share of cattle showing still unmarried. In 1628 sold acre of land to Robert Hix.
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UnknownMMMC-6XJN
Edouad Bompasse,(Edward Bumpas), as he
Edouad Bompasse,(Edward Bumpas), as he was called in the Plymouth Colony, was the first of his name, and the only of this name, as far as can be found to arrive in this country. The name has taken on various spellings as follows: Bump, Bumpas, Bumpass, Bumpers, Bumps and Bumpus, as you will find in this text. Edouad came as a young man on the ship "Fortune" the first ship after the "Mayflower I ". The ship 'Fortune' arrived at Plymouth, now Massachusetts, on Nov. 10, 1621. The name Bompasse is probably of French origin, possibly Hugenot. The old Norman and French name Bonpas, literally translated, Goodstep, is an aristocratic name in Europe. The Bonpas family originated in Perpignam in the extreme south western portion of France near the Mediterranean. The name probably came to England with Normans, and perhaps again with the Hugenots. Bumpus also exists as a name derived from Boneboz in Normandy, a Fief held from the Earls of Mellent. One source of information states that Edouad Bompasse was born about 1605, of St. Bartholomew Parish, London, England., died 3 Feb. 1693, Marshfield, - Plymouth County, Ma., married 1628 in Ma., Hannah, born about 1607, England, died, 12 Feb. 1693, Marshfield, Ma. Edouad Bompasse was probably a member of the Protestants who fled from Holland to Amsterdam. He was reportedly with the Pilgrims in Leyden, Holland and probably went to England with those who returned after the first attempt to sail for America failed. Willison in his Saints and Strangers, states that Edouad Bompasse was a Saint and native Leydener. Leyden was located six to seven miles up the Rhine River and Was considered the spiritual capital of Protestant Europe. In 1623 he received one share in the land allotment as one of those who came in the Fortune and in 1627 a share in the cattle, indicating he was unmarried. He sold his acre of land on the north side of town in 1628 and was granted 20 acres of land on Duxbury Bay where he settled and built a house and palisado. In March of 1634/35 he sold this property and was allowed to "take up land in another place". In March of 1644/45 when the boundries of Marshfield were laid, his property was included. He is included in the 1643 list of men of Marshfield able to bear arms. Sometime before Sept. 1645 he sold his property to Solomon Lenner. Edouad or Edward as he was now called, was one of the original proprietors of Middleboro, where his son Joseph settled. He was also a purchaser of Dartmouth lands. On the 15 July 1653 Edmond Chandler of Duxbury exchanged his rights in lands in Satuckquett for Edward Bumpas's lands and rights in Cushenett and Coaksett. He was on the jury in 1654 and 1655 and in 1657 took the oath of fidelity as of the Town of Duxbury. page 001 page 002 g.f g.p name born died After 1656 he seems to have lost control of his properties and through lack of cooperation in the family he and his wife Hannah were to some extent dependent upon the community for their well being. Although he and his sons as "first borne in the colony" were eligible for grants they did not take advantage of their positions. In the next generation several branches of the family prospered and left good estates. It was customary in those days during the transfer of property from father to son, that the deed call for the father and or mother to be "maintained for life". Deeds between Edward and his sons did not contain these provisions. Edward and Hannah had at least twelve children, eight being recorded at Marshfield. In my research thirteen have been indicated. There is some question if Faith was really a first child. Some researchers show that she was and was born in 1630. Others say that she may have been a twin to Sarah, and that she died at birth or shortly after. There is much more that has been written about Edward that I have not included here. Much of it is repetitive and or speculative. The above is the high lights of what I have found.
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UnknownMMMC-63J7
!Savage: V1 p297-8. Early Records of Mid
!Savage: V1 p297-8. Early Records of Middleborough N E Reg V4 p265.
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UnknownMMMC-X6JK
A fellow pilgrim who came to Massachuset
A fellow pilgrim who came to Massachusetts in 1621 on the ship "Fortune." The ship left port from London, England; but Edouad was born in Leyden, Holland and of French descent.
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UnknownMMMC-D7MR
"Many have mistaken this for the death o
"Many have mistaken this for the death of his father but it is clearly
evident that the latter had been dead several years." (TAG 43 (1967): 67)
The last record of Edward Bumpas: Plymouth Colony Court Order 6:20, 4
July 1679: "Edward Bumpas for striking and abusing his parents, was
whipt; his punishment was aleviated in regard he was crazy brained
otherwise hee had bine put to death or otherwise sharply punished."
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Michael A. Carter
!Birth record: Vital records of Marshfi
!Birth record: Vital records of Marshfield, MA to the year 1850, compiled by Robert M. Sherman, p. 2 ?? Line 2206: (New PAF RIN=7087) 1 ENDL 2 DATE PRE-1970 ?? Line 2208: (New PAF RIN=7087) 1 SLGC 2 DATE PRE-1970 Film #: 170626, Page #: 1208, Ordinance #: 40732 Batch #: 7122109, Sheet #: 08, Source Call #: 538885 ?? Line 2171: (New PAF RIN=7084) 1 MISC ?? Line 2172: (New PAF RIN=7084) 1 MISC 2 DATE ABT 1641 ?? Line 2173: (New PAF RIN=7084) 1 MISC 2 PLAC Of,, Plymouth, Massachusetts Batch #: F600371, Sheet #: 01, Source Call #: 1553454
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WilliamRGammon
! American Genealogy # 170 April 1967 V4
! American Genealogy # 170 April 1967 V43 #2 p65
! 522 by Mrs John E. Barclay F.A.S.G., Whitman , Mass.
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judyheaton1
1657 took the oath of fidelity in Mars
1657 took the oath of fidelity in Marshfield
1679, July 4, the last recordpertaining to Edward shows a mental condition. "Plymouth Colony Court 6.20, Edward Bumpus, for striking and abusing his parents, was whipt, his punishment aliaviated in regard, he was crazy brained, otherwise he'd been put to death or otherwise sharply punished.
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KimberlyJoyceRose
Edward was unmarried. He took the oath o
Edward was unmarried. He took the oath of fidelity in 1657 at Marshfield. InJune 1662 "being one ot the first born of this government he was to receive agrant of land. As of Marshfield he sold to his brother Joseph of the same place "all his lands at Nemasket/Middleboro lately bought of my brother John" on 23 Dec. 1663. The last record pertaining to Edward Jr. shows a mental condition; Plymouth Colony Court order 6:20, 4 July 1679: " Edward Bumpas for striking and abusing his parents, was whipt: his punishment was alleviated in regard he was crazy brained otherwise he had bine put to death or otherwise sharply punished.
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Kevin Gecowets
!Birth record: Vital Records of Marshfi
!Birth record: Vital Records of Marshfield, MA to year 1850, compiled by Robert M. Sherman, p. 2 !Death record: Ibid, p. 16 ?? Line 1875: (New PAF RIN=7053) 1 MISC ?? Line 1876: (New PAF RIN=7053) 1 MISC 2 DATE ABT 1637 ?? Line 1877: (New PAF RIN=7053) 1 MISC 2 PLAC Of,, Plymouth, Massachusetts Batch #: F600371, Sheet #: 01, Source Call #: 1553454 Batch #: 7122109, Sheet #: 08, Source Call #: 538885 Batch #: 7813803, Sheet #: 17, Source Call #: 1126307 Batch #: 7931902, Sheet #: 71, Source Call #: 1260625
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WilliamRGammon
Discussions
Add Discussion
Name should be in standard format
August 8, 2018
I suggest "Edward Bumpas" as the main entry, with the other forms as alternate names. That will make it easier for FamilySearch to suggest sources to attach.
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Carol Thoma
- 20251116GHLn-
In fall 1621, the Fortune was the second English ship destined for Plymouth Colony in the New World, one year after the voyage of the Pilgrim ship Mayflower. Financed as the Mayflower was by Thomas Weston and others of the London-based Merchant Adventurers, Fortune was to transport thirty-five settlers to the colony on a ship that was much smaller than Mayflower. The Fortune required two months to prepare for the voyage and once underway, reached Cape Cod on 9 November 1621 and the colony itself in late November. The ship was unexpected by those in the Plymouth colony and although it brought useful settlers, many of whom were young men, it brought no supplies, further straining the limited food resources of the colony. The ship only stayed in the colony for about three weeks, returning to England in December loaded with valuable furs and other goods. But when nearing England, instead of heading to the English Channel, a navigation error caused the ship to sail southeast to the coast of France, where it was overtaken and seized by a French warship.
The Fortune finally arrived back in London in February 1622, over two months after leaving Plymouth, but without its valuable cargo. In the end, Weston lost his total investment in the Fortune voyage making it worthwhile only in providing the Plymouth colony with new settlers, some of whom became notable persons in the history of the colony.[1][2][3]
Preparing for the voyage
At 55 tons displacement, and about one-third the tonnage of the Mayflower, the Fortune was tasked with delivering thirty-five new settlers to Plymouth Colony. Their leader was Robert Cushman who, in 1620, had been the Leiden agent in London for the Mayflower and Speedwell. It is believed that the majority of the passengers of the Fortune were gathered together in London by Thomas Weston and his partner. And although William Bradford stated that there were thirty-five persons on board Fortune, the names of only twenty-eight persons are noted as receiving lots credited to those arriving as noted in the 1623 Division of Land. Eighteen persons are known to have been unmarried, eight married, but emigrating without their families, and as far as can be determined, Mrs. Martha Ford may have been the only woman on the ship. Although it is possible some of the missing seven persons in the passenger count were wives, Bradford does not leave that impression in his account.
Per author Charles Banks, individual records show that sixteen of the passengers can definitely be assigned to London or districts of the city such as Stepney and Southwark. Another three passengers were from Leiden in Holland. Ten more passengers, whose origins cannot be determined, either died early or left the colony as determined by who was listed in the 1627 Division of Cattle, which also doubled as a type of census.[4][5]
Arrival in the New World
The primary reason for problems at their arrival was the unexpected nature of it and the severe lack of food. As Bradford recorded, "...So they were landed, but there was not as much as biscuit-cake or any other victuals for them neither had they any bedding, but some sorry things they had in their cabins, nor pot, nor pan, to dress meat in; nor over many clothes,…" The colony government was not pleased that Weston had unexpectedly sent over new settlers, and without provisions or other goods to support them. But the labor that had come on the Fortune was welcome, being many young men. Per Bradford, the arrivals were "lusty young men, and many of them wild enough."[1][3][6][7]
Passengers
The problem that most concerned the colony was the continuing shortage of food made more severe by the arrival of the Fortune. Weston had not provided any provisions for the settlement on board the Fortune. And instead of making the colony situation stronger, the arrival of thirty-seven more persons to feed with the second severe winter for the colony coming on had put things in what would be a disastrous situation. Bradford calculated that even if their daily rations were reduced to half, their store of corn would only last for six more months. And after having worked tirelessly this year and experiencing extreme hardships since their arrival one year earlier, they now would face another hard winter with a shortage of provisions. Bradford wrote, "They were presently put to half allowance, one as well as another, which began to be hard, but they bore it patiently, under the hope of (future) supply."[7]>[8]
Although there were thirty-five people on Fortune, only the names of twenty-eight persons are listed as receiving lots in 1623. Eighteen people are known to have been unmarried, eight married but emigrating without their families, and as far as can be determined, Mrs. Martha Ford and Elizabeth Bassett wife of William Bassett were the only women on the ship. Records indicate that sixteen of the passengers were from the London area and three from Leiden. The origins of ten passengers could not be determined.[9][10]
Notable passengers
William Bassett (c.?1590–1667), artisan[11]
Robert Cushman (1577–1625), Separatist[11]
Thomas Cushman (1607 or 1608–1691), colonist[11]
Philip Delano (c.?1602–c.?1681 or 1682), colonist[11]
Thomas Prence (c.?1601–1673), colonist and politician[11]
Moses Simonson (c.?1605–c.?1690), colonist[11]
William Hilton (1585–1685).
Established Dover, first permanent settlement in New Hampshire with brother Edward Hilton. [11]
Loading for the return trip to England
To prove to the Adventurers that they were serious about repaying the debt owed to Weston, the colony spent two weeks in December 1621 loading the Fortune with hogsheads of beaver skins, otter skins, sassafras, and clapboards made from split oak to be used in the making of barrel staves. The value of the cargo was about £450 (equivalent to about £118,500 in 2023), which would come close to reducing the colony's debt to the Adventurers by half.[7][12]
Return voyage to England
The Fortune stayed in Plymouth for just about two weeks, and on 13 December 1621, she got underway for her return voyage to London. On board was Robert Cushman who had left his fourteen-year-old son Thomas in the care of Governor Bradford. Cushman carried, in addition to Bradford's letter to Weston, a manuscript that would become an invaluable historic recording of the Pilgrims first thirteen months in America known today as Mourt's Relation. Believed written by Bradford and Edward Winslow, it recounts the First Thanksgiving and the abundance of the New World.[13]
Fortune was not with the ship of that name on the return to England. Due to a navigation error the ship sailed hundreds of miles off course from England, southeast into France's Bay of Biscay off the coast of Vendee, north of La Rochelle. About five weeks into her voyage on 19 January 1622 and not far from the fortified Île d'Yeu, a French warship overtook the Fortune. It seems[according to whom?] the Fortune made a common mistake – the long peninsula of Brittany in western France was mistaken for the Lizard peninsula on the southwestern end of England. The Fortune was not considered an enemy ship, however, France at this time was undergoing Huguenot rebel activities, and any English vessel coming close to their shore was suspected of aiding the rebels and liable for search and seizure. The French warship boarded Fortune. Although the Fortune was not carrying contraband, the French governor seized her guns, cargo, and rigging. The governor locked the ship's master in a dungeon and kept Robert Cushman and the crew on board under guard. He also confiscated the manuscript of Mourt's Relation. After thirteen days they were freed, with the manuscript in Cushman's possession but without its cargo of valuable beaver skins. The Fortune finally arrived back into the Thames on 17 February 1622.[14]
The loss of Fortune's valuable cargo dealt a severe financial loss to the Merchant Adventurers who by this time had little hope of recouping their investment in either ship. Due to this, the Merchant Adventurers were reorganized in 1626 in conjunction with Plymouth Colony leaders, in an effort to restructure financial agreements and for Plymouth Colony to eventually pay its creditors.[15][16]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_%28Plymouth_Colony_ship%29
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Abt 1604 - Bef 1684 (< 80 years)
